- Médecins Sans Frontières (London)
- Malaysian Medical Relief – MERCY Malaysia (Malaysia)
- International Catholic Migration Commission – ICMC (Switzerland, USA)
Thursday, 14 June 2018
2018 Aurora Prize awarded to Myanmar lawyer Kyaw Hla Aung
Experts criticize new UN-Myanmar deal over Rohingya
By Fatih Hafiz Mehmet
ANKARA
Rohingya survivors of the Myanmar genocide are demanding a UN security force to guarantee their safe return to their homelands, terming the new agreement signed between Myanmar and the UN as inadequate, experts tell Anadolu Agency.
On June 6, the Myanmar government signed an agreement with the UN Development Programme (UNDP) and the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), allowing them to get involved in the much-delayed repatriation process.
Maung Zarni, coordinator for strategic affairs at the Free Rohingya Coalition, and Natalie Brinham, an economics and social research council Ph.D. scholar at the Queen Mary University of London, wrote an analysis piece for Anadolu Agency giving their views on the new agreement.
"One million Rohingya survivors of Myanmar genocide, who took refuge across the borders in neighboring Bangladesh, remain largely unpersuaded by the news of the latest repatriation deal the United Nations agencies have signed with their perpetrators in Naypyidaw, and openly call for 'UN Security Forces' to guarantee safe return to their homelands in the Western Myanmar state of Rakhine," they wrote.
The analysts said on June 6, two UN agencies with mandates for refugee protection and development inked a memorandum of understanding with the government of Myanmar.
However, the contents of the agreement were treated as if it were Myanmar's top national security secret, they wrote.
"The conditions on the ground indicate no semblance of physical safety for any returning Rohingyas," the analysts said.
Zarni and Brinham added that there is also no indication that the official acceptance of Rohingya by Myanmar as an integral ethnic minority of the union is forthcoming.
Reintegration prospect low
"And there is little prospect for their reintegration into the predominantly Buddhist society where the most powerful Senior Gen. Min Aung Hlaing publicly declared his genocidal intent, that Rohingya presence in N. Rakhine was 'unfinished business' from the pogroms of WWII," they said.
"In addition to the frightening prospects of being marched back to Myanmar's 'killing fields', what has unnerved Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh -- thousands have been in refugee camps in Bangladesh since the early 1990's as they fled the earlier waves of violent persecution -- about this latest UN-Myanmar refugee deal is this: UN agencies -- UNDP, UNHCR, World Food Program (WFP) -- have a dismal record when it comes to standing up for the Rohingya in the last 40 years since UNHCR first became involved in the repatriation process in the summer of 1978."
Zarni and Brinham said the UN's reputation -- and most specifically the reputation of UNHCR and UNDP -- is on the line in Myanmar, and beyond.
"Any part they play in facilitating returns from Bangladesh to Myanmar is risky -- when returns could potentially result in another round of mass killings, further decades of containment in concentration camps or deliberate slow starvation," they said.
The analysts urged the UN agencies to place protection and human rights first this time around.
"The signs of a new secretive deal don't bode well for the Rohingya survivors. The newly-managed UN in Myanmar has even shelved the organization's own governing principles, namely transparency and inclusivity, as evidenced in the freshly-inked MoU with Myanmar," they said.
Zarni and Brinham added Myanmar is now suspect in the eyes of the International Criminal Court and international law circles.
"In apparent compliance with the demands for secrecy typically made by Myanmar's military-controlled NLD-government, the UN has not made public the MoU for scrutiny. Neither has the UN included Rohingyas in any stage of the negotiations over the MoU, nor spelled out their future role," they said.
'Listen to Rohingya voices'
The analysts said the UNHCR had added a fourth adjective, "sustainable", to the mainstreamed mantra of "voluntary, safe and dignified".
"To make the fourth adjective viable, the UN must listen to Rohingya voices that call for a protected return to a protected homeland in Myanmar."
Since Aug. 25, 2017, more than 750,000 refugees, mostly children and women, have fled Myanmar and crossed into Bangladesh after Myanmar forces launched a crackdown on the minority Muslim community, according to Amnesty International.
At least 9,400 Rohingya were killed in Rakhine from Aug. 25 to Sept. 24 last year, according to Doctors Without Borders.
In a report published recently, the humanitarian group said the deaths of 71.7 percent or 6,700 Rohingya were caused by violence. They include 730 children below the age of 5.
The Rohingya, described by the UN as the world's most persecuted people, have faced heightened fears of attack since dozens were killed in communal violence in 2012.
The UN documented mass gang rapes, killings -- including of infants and young children -- brutal beatings, and disappearances committed by security personnel.
In a report, UN investigators said such violations may have constituted crimes against humanity.
Thursday, 7 June 2018
ARNA Press Release: Call to Support Referral of Myanmar to ICC
Wednesday, 6 June 2018
Muslim woman in Rakhine jailed for attempted Yangon travel
A photograph of Ma Hla Phyu's National Verification Card which has circulated online. By SU MYAT MON | FRONTIER
YANGON — A Muslim woman living in an internally displaced persons' camp in Rakhine State has been sentenced to a year in prison, for attempting to travel to Yangon without permission, an indication of the travel restrictions placed on Muslims living in the state.
Ma Hla Phyu, 26, was arrested on May 23 in Taungup Township, Rakhine State. She had been attempting to travel from the Kyauktalone IDP camp in Kyaukphyu Township to the commercial capital, U Shwe Hla Aung, the Kyaukphyu township administrator told Frontier by telephone on May 31.
Following a swift trial, she has been found guilty under Section 6(3) of the 1949 Residents of Burma Registration Act, which prohibits false representation, loan or forgery of a registration card. She has been sentenced to one year in Thandwe Prison with hard labour.
Hla Phyu had been living with her family at the Kyauktalone IDP camp since violence flared in Rakhine State in 2012, leaving hundreds of thousands — including Rohingya and Kaman, the latter among Myanmar's official "national races" — living in camps with limited access to healthcare, education and livelihoods.
Shwe Hla Aung said that Hla Phyu worked as a teacher at the camp, and collected a government salary at the end of the school year.
"She did not apply for travel permission as far as I know," said Shwe Hla Aung.
He said that people from the camp could only travel to Yangon if they provided information about where they were staying in the commercial capital.
While the Kaman hold National Registration Cards, which are issued to citizens, Hla Phyu's family is not Kaman, he said, so she carried a National Verification Card.
The government has insisted that Muslims in Rakhine State who do not have citizenship should apply for a NVC. If they qualify, they can begin the process of applying for citizenship.
However, U Phyu Chay, a camp leader at Kyauktalone said that many people in Rakhine reject the process because they are "not illegal immigrants".
"We are ethnic people. We do not want this process," he said.
He said Hla Phyu was arrested because she was Muslim. "That is the only reason they arrested her," he told Frontier.
He said that she had applied twice, including in January, for permission to travel to Yangon but the application had been rejected on both occasions. She had wanted to travel to the commercial capital to find work so she could send money home to her family, he said.
"She was not given a reason for why she was not allowed to travel," Phyu Chay said of her earlier attempts.
Hla Phyu completed her high school studies before the 2012 violence, he added. Since finishing high school she has been hoping to study Burmese language at university.
Her younger sister, Ma Hla Hla Phyu, 19, said that her parents didn't know she had left the camp because they were fasting for Ramadan.
"We found out about her arrest from the township administrator. I want to see my sister as soon as possible," Hla Hla Phyu told Frontier, adding that the administrator has said he will help the family visit her at Thandwe.
Hla Phyu's cause has garnered support from internet users.
Dr Min Swe, who has more than 5,000 followers on Facebook, blamed the arrest on the military-controlled Ministry of Home Affairs.
"It is only the Home Affairs [ministry] that creates such kind of systematic problem," he wrote.
Immigration officials in Nay Pyi Taw and Kyaukphyu refused to comment on the case when contacted by Frontier.